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Ravi Vishwakarma

IT-Hardware & Networking

Ravi Vishwakarma is a dedicated Software Developer with a passion for crafting efficient and innovative solutions. With a keen eye for detail and years of experience, he excels in developing robust software systems that meet client needs. His expertise spans across multiple programming languages and technologies, making him a valuable asset in any software development project.

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Ravi Vishwakarma

Ravi Vishwakarma

13-Mar-2026

OOPs is a programming concept based on classes and objects.
It provides encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction to make code reusable, secure, and easy to maintain.

1. What is OOPs?

OOPs (Object Oriented Programming System) is a programming concept based on objects and classes, used to make code reusable, secure, and easy to maintain.

In OOP, we write code using:

  • Class
  • Object
  • Inheritance
  • Encapsulation
  • Polymorphism
  • Abstraction

Example languages:

  • Java
  • C#
  • C++
  • Python

2. What is Class?

A class is a blueprint of an object. It defines properties and methods.

Example in C#

class Car
{
    public string Name;
    public void Start()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Car started");
    }
}

3. What is Object?

Object is an instance of class. It is used to access class properties and methods.

Car c = new Car();
c.Start();

Real life example:

  • Class = Car design
  • Object = Actual car

4. Four Pillars of OOPs (Very Important for Interview)

Every interviewer asks this.

1. Encapsulation

Encapsulation means hiding data using private variables.

class User
{
    private string password;

    public void SetPassword(string p)
    {
        password = p;
    }
}

Use:

  • Data security
  • Control access

Interview line:

Encapsulation is wrapping data and methods in single unit and hiding internal details.

2. Inheritance

Inheritance means one class can use another class properties.

class Animal
{
    public void Eat() { }
}

class Dog : Animal
{
}

Use:

  • Code reuse
  • Less code

Interview line:

Inheritance allows child class to use parent class properties and methods.

3. Polymorphism

Polymorphism means one method many forms.

Types:

  • Method Overloading
  • Method Overriding

Example:

void Add(int a, int b)
void Add(int a, int b, int c)

Interview line:

Polymorphism allows same method name with different behavior.

4. Abstraction

Abstraction means hiding implementation and showing only required details.

Example:

abstract class Shape
{
    public abstract void Draw();
}

Use:

  • Hide complexity
  • Show only needed info
  • Interview line:
  • Abstraction hides internal logic and shows only functionality.

5. Real Life Example of OOPs

Car example:

Concept Example
Class Car
Object BMW car
Encapsulation Engine hidden
Inheritance ElectricCar : Car
Polymorphism Start() different
Abstraction Only drive button

Good for interview.

6. OOPs Advantages (Interview Question)

Answer:

  • Code reuse
  • Easy maintenance
  • Security
  • Flexible
  • Scalable
  • Real world mapping
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